Plantation and Adaptation of Tree
Plants (land plants, embryophytes) are of
monophyletic origin from a freshwater ancestor that, if still extant, would be classified
among the charophycean green algae. Plants, but not charophyceans, possess a
life history involving alternation of two morphologically distinct
developmentally associated bodies, sporophyte and gametophyte. Body plan
evolution in plants has involved fundamental changes in the forms of both
gametophyte and sporophyte and the evolutionary origin of regulatory systems
that generate different body plans in sporophytes and gametophytes of the same
species. Comparative analysis, based on molecular phylogenetic information,
identifies fundamental body plan features that originated during radiation of
charophycean algae and were inherited by plants. These include, in probable
evolutionary order: cellulosic cell wall, multicellular body, cytokinetic phragmoplast,
plasmodesmata, apical meristematic cell, apical cell proliferation (branching),
three-dimensional tissues, asymmetric cell division, cell specialization
capacity, zygote retention, and placenta. Body plan features whose origin is
linked to the dawn of plants include: multicellular sporophyte body,
histogenetic apical meristem in the gametophyte
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